Loss on Drying, commonly called LOD, is one of the most frequently checked quality parameters in pharmaceutical manufacturing. If you work in granulation, drying, compression, quality control, or in-process quality assurance, you will hear statements such as: “Check the LOD before unloading the FBD.” “LOD is still high. Continue drying.” “Granules are over-dried.” “LOD is […]
Introduction Binder addition is one of the most important steps in the wet granulation process. Even if all raw materials are weighed correctly and mixed properly, poor binder addition can result in weak granules, oversized lumps, or tablets that fail during compression. The main purpose of a binder is to hold powder particles together so
Introduction Wet granulation is one of the most commonly used manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical industry. It helps improve powder flow, increases compressibility, and produces granules that can be compressed into tablets with consistent quality. Because of these advantages, wet granulation is used for many formulations where direct compression is not suitable. In this guide,
Introduction Wet granulation is one of the most widely used pharmaceutical manufacturing techniques for producing high-quality tablets. It improves powder flowability, enhances compressibility, minimizes segregation, and ensures uniform drug distribution throughout the tablet blend. Because of these advantages, the wet granulation process in pharma is preferred for many formulations that cannot be compressed directly. Understanding
Introduction Soft Tablets During Compression are one of the most common tablet compression defects encountered during pharmaceutical manufacturing. Tablets that do not achieve the required hardness may fail quality specifications, exhibit excessive friability, break during packaging, or become damaged during transportation. In severe cases, the entire batch may require investigation, reprocessing, or rejection. This comprehensive
Introduction Binding Defect in Tablets is a common problem encountered during tablet compression in pharmaceutical manufacturing. It occurs when tablet material sticks to the die wall, making tablet ejection difficult and causing surface damage, scratches, cracks, or breakage. Binding not only affects tablet appearance but can also impact product quality, process efficiency, and equipment performance.
Introduction The Tablet Discoloration Defect is a common yet significant quality issue in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Tablet discoloration refers to any unwanted change in the color of a tablet compared to its approved appearance. This defect may occur during manufacturing, packaging, storage, or transportation and can negatively affect product quality, patient confidence, and regulatory compliance. Tablet
Introduction Black Spots in Tablets are one of the most common and visually noticeable tablet appearance defects encountered during pharmaceutical manufacturing. These defects appear as dark-colored particles, specks, or spots on the tablet surface and can significantly affect product quality, patient confidence, and regulatory compliance. This article explains the root cause of black spots in
Introduction Tablet Weight Variation is one of the most common quality defects encountered during tablet manufacturing. Maintaining consistent tablet weight is critical because it directly affects dosage accuracy, product quality, regulatory compliance, and patient safety. Excessive weight variation may indicate issues with granulation, machine settings, powder flow, or compression parameters. This article explains Tablet Weight
Introduction Double Impression in Tablets is a common visual defect observed during tablet manufacturing. This defect appears when the logo, monogram, score line, or embossed marking on a tablet is duplicated, resulting in a blurred or double-printed appearance. Although the defect may not directly affect the tablet’s potency, it significantly impacts product appearance, brand identification,